Platforms & Practice
25 min
The Controls That Make It Worse: Colliders, Mediators and Why Adjusting for Everything Is Wrong
Open surgery beat percutaneous nephrolithotomy on small kidney stones, 93% to 87%. It beat it on large stones too, 73% to 69%. Pooled across both, it lost, 78% to 83%. The arithmetic is correct in all three statements, and no amo…