Term Kind Topic What it is
Failure Threshold concept Circuit Breakers The condition that trips a circuit breaker — best expressed as a failure rate over a rolling window with a minimum request volume, not as a consecutive-failure count.
Fallback Strategy pattern Circuit Breakers What a caller does instead when a circuit breaker is open — the part of the pattern that determines whether failing fast helps anyone.
Half-Open State concept Circuit Breakers The circuit breaker state that allows a limited number of trial requests through to test whether a failed dependency has recovered.