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2948 questions of the kind that actually get asked — in interviews, in architecture review boards, and by the person who has to run the thing at 3 AM. Every answer states the trade-off rather than the slogan, and says when the obvious choice is the wrong one.

All areas2948 Architecture Fundamentals91 Distributed Systems101 Data Architecture90 Cloud Architecture87 Networking96 API & Integration Architecture87 Reliability & Resilience99 Observability92 Performance & Capacity Engineering100 Security Architecture105 Cost Architecture & FinOps102 Business Architecture103 Architecture Communication102 Enterprise Architecture100 Legacy Modernization102 AI-Era Architecture106 Software Architecture & Engineering93 Architecture Patterns94 Architecture Decision-Making101 The Architect's Meta-Skills102 Delivery & Release Engineering103 Platform Engineering & Developer Experience102 Testing & Quality Architecture102 Data Platform Architecture98 Streaming & Real-Time Data103 Data Governance & Semantics91 Frontend & Experience Architecture101 Edge, Mobile & IoT98 Regulatory & Data Protection Architecture99 Assurance, Audit & Model Risk98
Difficulty Any beginner intermediate advanced

103 questions in Streaming & Real-Time Data.

  1. Stream-Table Duality beginner

    A service keeps an in-memory map of product prices built by consuming a compacted topic, instead of calling the pricing service on each request. A colleague asks why the map is not just a cache. What is the honest answer, and what does the service now own?

    2 min answer materialized viewcompactioncacheconsistency
  2. Stream-Table Duality beginner

    A team is told that a table and a stream are two views of the same thing. They have a Postgres table holding 12 million account balances and are asked to produce the stream of changes that produced it. Why does the equivalence only run one way in practice, and what has to exist before it runs the other way?

    3 min answer changelogcompactioncdcoutbox
  3. Stream-Table Duality intermediate

    Review this design. Each of 18 services embeds a Kafka Streams GlobalKTable of a 9-million-row customer topic so that lookups are local, each instance holding it in RocksDB on local disk. Instances take 11 minutes to become ready. What would you remove, what would you change, and what would you leave alone even though it looks odd?

    3 min answer globalktablematerialised viewrestore timedeploys
  4. Stream-Table Duality advanced

    Vitess - the MySQL sharding layer built at YouTube and later a CNCF project - reshards a live keyspace by having each target shard build its tables with a copy phase and then follow the source's binlog from the position where the copy ended. The same stream is exposed to applications as VStream. What does that design buy and where would copying it be a mistake?

    3 min answer youtubevitessvreplicationresharding
  5. Stream-Table Duality advanced

    What does stream-table duality mean practically, and how does it change system design?

    2 min answer stream-tablechangelogmaterialisationcdc
  6. Streaming Cost advanced

    A connected-vehicle telemetry pipeline's cost is growing faster than the fleet. Where does the cost go, and what reduces it?

    2 min answer athertelemetrycostfiltering
  7. Streaming Cost intermediate

    A marketplace platform at Flipkart's scale runs three separate Kafka clusters for orders, device telemetry and experimentation. Consolidating them into one shared cluster cuts the infrastructure bill by about 40%. What did that 40% buy, and when does the bill arrive?

    2 min answer flipkartmulti-tenancyquotasstreaming-cost
  8. Streaming Cost beginner

    A streaming job handles about 400 events per second in business hours and under 5 per second overnight. The team expected the bill to track the volume. It is flat at roughly 55 dollars a day whatever the traffic does. Why is it flat and what is the cheaper shape if a 10-minute delay is acceptable?

    2 min answer costmicro-batchingalways-onduty-cycle
  9. Streaming Cost advanced

    A streaming pipeline's cost grows faster than its event volume. What are the drivers?

    1 min answer streaming-coststatepartitionsretention
  10. Streaming Cost advanced

    A streaming platform's cloud bill is dominated by a line item nobody recognises: inter-zone data transfer. Explain and fix.

    2 min answer finopsstreamingnetworking
  11. Streaming Cost intermediate Multiple choice

    A topic ingests 200 MB per second, replication factor 3, retained 30 days. Producers and consumers are spread across 3 availability zones with no rack awareness in the consumers. Roughly what does the storage footprint come to?

    3 min answer kafkacostretentionreplication
  12. Streaming Joins intermediate

    A job enriches order events with customer tier by looking up a table built from a compacted topic. After a routine deploy, 3% of orders in the first ten minutes come out with tier null, then the rate returns to zero. Throughput and error rate are flat. What is happening?

    2 min answer streaming joinsbootstrapraceenrichment