Enterprise Identity & Access Management Platform  ·  View 24 of 27  ·  Assurance

Zero-Trust Zones & Enforcement Points

Where an attacker arrives, what stops them, and what an administrator still cannot reach.

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Untrusted
Untrusted
Stolen password
spray or replay
Stolen password...
Consent phishing
OAuth lure
Consent phishing...
Unmanaged device
Unmanaged device
Legitimate user
Legitimate user
Identity perimeter
Identity perimeter
Front Door + WAF
Front Door + WAF
Entra STS
smart lockout
Entra STS...
Conditional Access
policy decision point
Conditional Access...
ID Protection
risk evaluation
ID Protection...
Application
Application
API Management
validate-jwt
API Management...
Application workloads
managed identity
Application workloads...
App roles & scopes
App roles & scopes
Privileged
Privileged
Entra PIM
no standing role
Entra PIM...
Privileged workstation
Privileged workstation
Azure Bastion
no public management port
Azure Bastion...
Break-glass
2 accounts, alerted
Break-glass...
Data
Data
Azure SQL & Cosmos
Entra auth, RLS
Azure SQL & Cosmos...
Key Vault
RBAC data plane
Key Vault...
Storage
private endpoint
Storage...
Evidence archive
immutable
Evidence archive...
blocked: lockout + MFA
blocked: lockout + MFA
blocked: consent workflow
blocked: consent workflow
blocked: not compliant
blocked: not compliant
HTTPS 443
HTTPS 443
bearer token required
bearer token required
token issued, 1 h
token issued, 1 h
scope + tenant claim
scope + tenant claim
managed identity, private
managed identity, private
activated session only
activated session only
no data-plane role
no data-plane role
emergency reach, alerted
emergency reach, alerted
Zero-Trust Zones & Enforcement Points
Zero-Trust Zones & Enforcement Points
Risk / gap
Risk / gap
External / third party
External / third party
Person or role
Person or role
Interface / broker
Interface / broker
Security / platform
Security / platform
Application we own
Application we own
Data store
Data store
failure / alternate
failure / alternate
synchronous
synchronous
Every crossing is labelled with what authorises it or what stops it. The two red lines out of the privileged zone are deliberate: an administrator holds control-plane rights and no data-plane rights, so reading a secret is a separate, separately audited grant.
Every crossing is labelled with what authorises it or what stops it. The two red lines out of the privileged zone are deliberate: an administrator holds control-plane rights and no data-plane rights, so reading a secret is a separate, separately audited grant.
v 1.0 · owner Data & AI Global Practice · date 2026-08
v 1.0 · owner Data & AI Global Practice · date 2026-08
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Decisions

  • Zones are trust levels, not network segments. Two workloads in the same subnet can sit in different zones, which is the whole point of identity-centric segmentation.
  • The privileged zone holds control-plane rights and no data-plane rights. An administrator who can restart a database cannot read it, and reading a secret is a separate, separately audited grant.
  • Every crossing carries either what authorises it or what stops it. An unlabelled boundary crossing in a security view is a gap in the design, not in the drawing.

What stops each attack

  • Stolen password: smart lockout plus a required second factor. Password spray produces alerts rather than access.
  • Consent phishing: user consent is restricted and the admin consent workflow routes the request to a reviewer, so an OAuth lure yields a pending request.
  • Unmanaged device: Conditional Access requires compliance for anything beyond a restricted browser session, so credential theft alone is not enough.

Residual risks

  • Break-glass reaches the data zone by design. It is the only standing path across every boundary, and it is the most heavily alerted action in the tenant.
  • A compromised privileged workstation defeats the device signal. Mitigated by phishing-resistant authentication and short activation windows, not eliminated.
  • Token replay from a compromised endpoint remains possible within the token lifetime. Token protection and CAE narrow the window; they do not close it.